$200$ In chemical engineering, the study of reaction kinetics is critical for designing efficient chemical reactors. Discuss the theoretical foundations of reaction rate laws and their application in predicting the behavior of chemical reactions. Consider the impact of factors such as temperature, pressure, and catalysts on reaction rates. Additionally, explore the different types of reactors, including batch, continuous$-$stirred tank, and plug flow reactors, and analyze their respective advantages and challenges in industrial chemical processes.