2. When using the constant-growth dividend valuation model, which of the following will lower the value of the stock? A) an increase in the dividend payout ratio B) a decrease in the required rate of return C) an increase in the growth rate of the dividends D) an increase in the required rate of return 3. The constant-growth dividend valuation model is best suited for use with A) stocks of new or emerging companies. B) small-cap stocks within growing industries. C) the stocks of mature, dividend-paying companies. D) the stocks of cyclical companies