2023 Tax Rate Schedules Individuals Schedule Z-Head of Household \begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|} \hline If taxable income is over: & But not over: & The tax is: \\ \hline$ & $15,700 & 10% of taxable income \\ \hline$15,700 & $59,850 & $1,570 plus 12% of the excess over $15,700 \\ \hline$59,850 & $95,350 & $6,868 plus 22% of the excess.over $59,850 \\ \hline$95,350 & $182,100 & $14,678 plus 24% of the excess over $95,350 \\ \hline$182,100 & $231,250 & $35,498 plus 32% of the excess over $182,100 \\ \hline$231,250 & $578,100 & $51,226 plus 35% of the excess over $231,250 \\ \hline$578,100 & & $172,623.5 plus 37% of the excess over $578,100 \\ \hline \end{tabular} Schedule Y-2-Married Filing Separately \begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|} \hline If taxable income is over: & But not over: & \multicolumn{1}{c|}{ The tax is: } \\ \hline$0 & $11,000 & 10% of taxable income \\ \hline$11,000 & $44,725 & $1,100 plus 12% of the excess over $11,000 \\ \hline$44,725 & $95,375 & $5,147 plus 22% of the excess over $44,725 \\ \hline$95,375 & $182,100 & $16,290 plus 24% of the excess over $95,375 \\ \hline$182,100 & $231,250 & $37,104 plus 32% of the excess over $182,100 \\ \hline$231,250 & $346,875 & $52,832 plus 35% of the excess over $231,250 \\ \hline$346,875 & & $93,300,75 plus 37% of the excess over $346,875 \\ \hline \end{tabular} In 2023, Lisa and Fred, a married couple, had taxable income of $402,400. If they were to fife separate tax returns, Lisa would have reported taxable income of $226,200 and Fred would have reported toxable income of $176,200. Use Tax Rote Schedule for reference. What is the couple's marnage penalty or benefit? Note: Do not round intermediate calculations