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3 . Understanding the IRR and NPV The net present value ( NPV ) and internal rate of return ( IRR ) methods of investment
Understanding the IRR and NPV
The net present value NPV and internal rate of return IRR methods of investment analysis are interrelated and are sometimes used together to make capital budgeting decisions.
Consider the case of Fuzzy Button Clothing Company:
Last Tuesday, Fuzzy Button Clothing Company lost a portion of its planning and financial data when both its main and its backup servers crashed. The companys CFO remembers that the internal rate of return IRR of Project Gamma is but he cant recall how much Fuzzy Button originally invested in the project nor the projects net present value NPV However, he found a note that detailed the annual net cash flows expected to be generated by Project Gamma. They are:
Year
Cash Flow
Year $
Year $
Year $
Year $
The CFO has asked you to compute Project Gammas initial investment using the information currently available to you. He has offered the following suggestions and observations:
A projects IRR represents the return the project would generate when its NPV is zero or the discounted value of its cash inflows equals the discounted value of its cash outflowswhen the cash flows are discounted using the projects IRR.
The level of risk exhibited by Project Gamma is the same as that exhibited by the companys average project, which means that Project Gammas net cash flows can be discounted using Fuzzy Buttons WACC.
Given the data and hints, Project Gammas initial investment is and its NPV is rounded to the nearest whole dollar
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