(3)Mention Null hypothesis and alternative hypothesis for following research/instances.

a. A pool of participants was randomly divided into FIVE treatment groups. The groups were administered daily doses of vitamin C over a 12-month period. The data in the table represents the number of cold and flu viruses reported by the participant as a function of their vitamin C dosage.

b. An experiment was conduct to determine which TV network can make people laugh more on Thursday nights. Three groups were considered: One group watches NCB, the second group watched ABC, and the third group watched CBS. All participants watch TV from 8pm-10pm with an audio recorder. The experimenter then listens to the recording and counts the number of time the participants laugh.

c. Imagine that you manufacture paper bags and that you want to improve the tensile strength of the bag. You suspect that changing the concentration of hardwood in the bag will change the tensile strength. You measure the tensile strength in pounds per square inch (PSI). So, you decide to test this at 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% hardwood concentration levels.

d. A farmer raises pigs, and wants to fatten them up as much as possible. The farmer wants to compare weight gains of adult pigs using four diets, A, B, C and D. Several pigs are selected at random to use diets. The pigs are weighed at the end of the experiment. The data are displayed are the weight of each pig at different points in time.