4. (a) (i) Explain how does a high and a low corporate income tax affect the future corporate investment? (ii) The corporate income tax rate in Malaysia has been reduced from 40 percent in 1970s to 25 percent in early 2000s, did this tax reduction has increased corporate investment since year 2000?. Explain your answer.

(b) (i) Explain the fundamental rule of tax reform?. (ii) Does enlarging the tax base or unifying tax rates matter to increase tax revenue? Discuss .

(c) Define Bentham judgement. How does Bentham judgement creating an optimal social point and affect income redistribution?.

(d) Explain the difference between the Rawls Criterion and Bentham Criterion.