4.1 Alice needs to send a confidential message to Bob over the internet. She then decided to use a public key cryptographic system to ensure that the message is scrabbled in transit. In order to achieve this confidentiality, she used her public key to encrypt the message before sending it to Bob.

4.1.1 Identify the error Alice has made in her use of cryptographic methods, and describe how to correct it. Furthermore, discuss the consequences of the error done by Alice. [6]