A bank currently has $150 million in deposits, and $15 million in reserves. The required reserve ratio is 10% and federal funds rate of 0.25%. Suppose there is a deposit outflow (i.e. someone withdraws funds from their account) for $5 million. Please provide answers to the following questions with explanations:

• Would this bank still comply with the Feds requirement of keeping 10% of its deposits in the form of reserves? Please explain
• What would be the cost for this bank to comply with this regulation if the bank decides to borrow from another bank to eliminate its reserve shortage?
• What would be the cost for this bank to comply with its required reserves if the bank decides to borrow from the Fed at a discount rate of 0.75%?
• Please explain why required reserves serve as insurance against deposit outflows.

Consider a commercial bank policy to maintain 12% of deposits as reserves. The bank currently has $10 million in deposits and holds $400,000 precautionary excess reserves. What is the required reserve on a new deposit of $50,000?