A big organisation for competitive pro-gamers experiences lag during a large portion of their online games. Lag is a noticeable delay (latency) between the action of players (input) and the reaction of the server supporting the game. Every online gamer experiences lag on occasion, however if this occurs more frequently to you compared to your opponent you might be at a disadvantage. The management of the team decides to analyse the online network performance, and they decide to use proxy server to improve the online performance. A proxy server can be used for many purposes, however in online gaming the primary purpose is the ensure less indirect route from the users to the servers and reduce the lag. The gaming organisation decided to use a proxy-server. 25 gamers were randomly assigned to use proxy server, and 25 gamers kept using the old set up.

On the course website in CANVAS you will find a dataset ProxyData.csv. This simulated, and it contains the latency of 50 riders, and an indicator if they used a proxy or not. The

data contains 2 variables:

Lag (ms) The average lag for the gamer (in ms)

Proxy The application of a proxy server or not

(a) Briefly explain why this study is an experiment. [1 Mark]

(b) (i) Run the VIT software and load the file ProxyData.csv. into it. Run a

randomisation test to compare the mean lags between the proxy and no proxy designs. Include the output from this in your assignment answers. [1 Mark]

(ii) When chance is acting alone, estimate how unusual it is to get a difference in sample means at least as big as the observed difference in the experiment? (Use your randomisation test output to answer this.) [1 Mark]

(iii) Is it plausible that the observed average difference in the mean lag times can be explained by "chance acting alone"? Briefly justify your answer. [1 Mark]

(iv) Can the management conclude that changing the implementation of a proxy serve causes the average assembly time to decrease? If so, justify why with two reasons. If not, what can the manager conclude? [3 Marks]