A centrifugal pump is to be used to supply silver nitrate solution from a storage tank into a stirred reaction vessel at a rate of 24 litres/min. A diagram of the required piping is shown below. 1.4 m Kentry = 0.50 = 25 mm I.D 16 mm I.D Figure 3: Pipe system The suction side piping has an internal diameter of 25 mm, contains one elbow and has a total length of 4 metres. The discharge side piping continues to be 25 mm internal diameter for 1 metre, at which point there is a sudden contraction in internal diameter to 16 mm. The remaining piping is at 16 mm internal diameter, has a total length of 8.5 m and contains one elbow and one valve. All piping has an absolute roughness of 0.09 mm. Both the storage tank and the reaction vessel are at atmospheric pressure. What head is the pump required to provide to satisfy these requirements? Silver nitrate solution at the pumping temperature are: Density: 1362 kg/m Viscosity 0.0013 Pa s 90 elbow equivalent length = 35 D . Valve resistance coefficient, K = 10.5 . Resistance coefficient of pipe entry, Kentry . Resistance coefficient of pipe exit, Kexit Assume that Kcontraction = = 0.5 = 1.0 Kexit = 1.0 0.5(1-(de)) 0.40 m