A city ordinance required that all dogs be leashed when taken outside of an enclosed area. Bee often allowed her dog, Bop, to run loose in front of Bee’s house. One day, when Bop was running loose, Dina was driving her car up the street in front of Bee’s house. The day was clear and sunny and Dina was driving carefully at a speed somewhat below the posted limit. Bop dashed out into the street from between two parked cars. Dina alertly applied her brakes, but could not avoid striking Bop. Pris, driving another vehicle behind Dina, promptly applied her brakes as soon as she saw the red lights glow on the rear of Dina’s vehicle. However, Pris’s vehicle struck the rear of Dina’s vehicle. Both of the vehicles suffered damage and both drivers suffered minor injuries which required X-rays and other medical attention.

If Pris sues Dina for her vehicle damage and personal injuries, Pris will:

a. Prevail, because the ordinance was designed to prevent dogs from being hit by cars.

b. Prevail, because Dina was a proximate cause of the accident.

c. Not prevail, because Dina obeyed the traffic laws.

d. Not prevail, unless Dina herself was negligent.