A deterrent to work Heavy direct taxation, especially when closely linked to current earnings, can act as a serious check to production by encouraging absenteeism, and making men disinclined to work. However, indirect taxation may actually increase the incentive to work, since the more money is then required to satisfy the same wants, indirect taxes having made goods dearer than they were before. b. A deterrent to saving Taxation will clearly reduce peoples ability to save since it leaves them with less money to spend. Taxation may, therefore, act as a deterrent to saving. However, this will not always be the case, as it will depend On the purpose for which people are saving. c. A deterrent to enterprise It is argued that entrepreneurs will embark upon risky undertakings only when there is a possibility of earning large profits if they are successful. Heavy taxation of profits, it is said, robs them of their possible reward without providing any compensation in the case of failure. As a result, production is checked and economic progress hindered. It may be, too, that full employment provides conditions under which even the less efficient firms cannot fail to make profits, and so there may be greater justification for taxation of profits, and so there may be greater justification for taxation of profits under such conditions

OBJECTIVES

1.why are the Adult stem cells rare?

2.why does no one know the origin of adult stem cells in any mature tissue.

3.in the derivation of thefully differentiated cells,how is themature phenotypes able to degenerate the stem cells

4. Ideally, ____________ should also be clonogenic.

5.what is the link /connection betweenAdult stem cells and somatic stem cells.