A. How would you need to administer hormone "A" to an organism that is deficient in this hormone? Why? 

B. How would you need to administer hormone "B"? Why?

PARTI Step 1: Make a simple drawing of a eukaryotic cell. Your cell should be at large as possible. Be sure your drawing includes the cell membrane, the nuclear membrane, and the DNA inside the nucleus. 

Step 2: Let's assume this eukaryotic cell responds to Protein Hormone "A" by increasing the production of Substance X in the cytoplasm. Substance X then stimulates the increased uptake of glucose from the extracellular fluid into this cell by moving facilitative transporter molecules (GLUTS) to the membrane. (The cell needs glucose for respiration) 

Step 3. Now draw in your hormone A, cell membrane proteins (GLUTs), and any other proteins you need - receptors perhaps - to show how this system functions. Indicate their placement on the cell and their possible responses. Include a key for your model that indicates what everything is and what it is doing. 

PART II Now assume this same cell responds to Steroid Hormone "B" by activating Gene Y in the nucleus. Gene Y contains the instructions for Enzyme Z which catalyzes the release of glucose from stored glycogen molecules in the cytoplasm of this cell. (Again more glucose provided to the cell.) Again, draw in the hormone, the necessary receptors, and any other molecules required for the cell to respond to "B". 

PART III. Use the understanding you gained from your models and our lectures to answer these questions. 

1. In medicine, the properties of the hormone determine how it must be administered; for example, taken orally or by injection. (A bit of a hint: Ingested proteins are digested in the stomach while lipids are absorbed directly into the circulation in the small intestine.)