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A juice at 2 0 oC with 8 % total solids is being concentrated to 3 5 % total solids in a single - effect

A juice at 20oC with 8% total solids is being concentrated to 35% total solids in a single-effect
evaporator. Saturated steam is being supplied at 84.55 kPa, condensate is released at 95oC and
evaporation takes place at 73oC in the evaporator. The feed material enters the evaporator at a
rate of 7000 kg/h. There are 15% total losses of steam (also at 84.55 kPa) due to venting of air
and direct losses to the atmosphere. The specific heat of the feed is 4 kJ/kgoC and of concentrated
product is 3.2 kJ/kgoC. Calculate the steam economy for the process to two decimal places.
h = h2+[(h1 h2)(T2 T)(T2 T1)]

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