1. A turbocharged, dual-fuel reciprocating engine operating in a four-stroke cycle. The engines can run either in the gas fuel mode or in the liquid fuel mode. In the gas fuel mode, the primary fuel is natural gas, and ignition is achieved by injecting a small amount of pilot fuel (diesel oil) near the TDC. Gas fuel mode operation can be approximated with the air-standard Otto cycle. In the liquid fuel mode, only diesel oil is used, and the operation can be approximated with the air-standard Diesel cycle. By analyzing the air-standard cycles of the engine, determine the following parameters for 1) the gas fuel mode and 2) the liquid fuel mode to calculate the maximum temperature and pressure.
2. Engine data for the air-standard cycle analysis.
   Ambient pressure pa 100 kPa
3. 
   Ambient temperature Ta 25◦C
4. 
   Specific heat of air at const. pressure cp 1.005 kJ/(kg.K)
5. 
   Specific heat ratio γ 1.4
6. 
   Turbocharger pressure ratio rp = ptc/pa 3.6
7. 
   Turbocharger isentropic efficiency ηt, ηc 1.0
8. 
   Air charge cooling by the intercooler T1 − Ttc −70◦C
9. 
   Bore B 500 mm
   Stroke S 580 mm
   Compression ratio rv 12.0
10. 
    Number of cylinders Ncyl 18
    Engine speed n 500 rpm
    Power output ̇W 17500 kW