Administration of Criminal Justice- Modular 10 Comprehension Assignment

1. Which of the following is not a role of Congress as it relates to the federal courts?

a. Determining the jurisdiction (types of cases handled) of the courts

b. Determining the number of judges

c. Allocating the budget for the judiciary

d. Determining the outcome of criminal cases

2. The concept of judicial autonomy suggests that _____________.

a. Judges are free from outside influence

b. Judges are prohibited from conferring with other judges prior to issuing rulings

c. Judges are paid on a per-case basis

d. Judges may, at their discretion, remove from office members of Congress

3. Kathleen Daly found that judges in lower courts consider the offender's gender, family status (children or no children), and their own paternalistic views in making decisions. This contributes to __________.

a. Female offenders receiving more severe penalties than male offenders for the same behavior

b. Male offenders receiving more severe penalties than female offenders for the same behavior

c. Male and female offenders receiving the same penalties for the same behavior

d. None of the above

4. The managerial and administrative functions of the federal courts are handled by ______________.

a. The President of the United States

b. Congress

c. The U.S. Supreme Court

d. The Administrative Office of the United States Courts

5. When the U.S. Supreme Court decides to hear an appeal, it issues a _________.

a. Writ of certiorari

b. Summary judgment

c. En banc opinion

d. Probate petition

6. Attitudinal theory of decision-making is best illustrated in which of the following examples?

a. A judge works for the speedy disposition of cases

b. A judge tries to reduce her workload rather than decide cases on their merits

c. An appellate judge gets to set the agenda and decide which issues to address and when they will be addressed

d. A lower court trial judge dismisses many cases before trial for lack of evidence

7. Specialty courts/problem-solving courts can best be described by which of the following terms?

a. Therapeutic/rehabilitative

b. Punishment-oriented

c. Legalistic

d. All of the above

8. A _________ court is an example of a limited jurisdiction court.

a. Juvenile

b. Small claims

c. Family

d. All of the above

9. Specialized courts tend to take a therapeutic approach that emphasizes ___________.

a. The victim

b. The offender

c. Both the victim and offender

d. Neither the victim nor the offender

10. Which of the following types of courts is not considered a specialty problem-solving court?

a. Drug court

b. Appeals court

c. Gun court

d. Domestic violence court

11. Specialty courts generate a number of concerns. Which of the following is not one of those concerns?

a. They increase costs and use more resources

b. The adversarial process is replaced by a therapeutic one

c. Judges no longer are neutral arbiters and defense attorneys are no longer just protectors of individual rights

d. They only process juvenile offenders

12. The juvenile court system was created in ________.

a. 1825

b. 1899

c. 1947

d. 1974

13. During the 1800s, juvenile offenders were often sent to ____________.

a. Boot camps

b. Houses of refuges/reformatories

c. Halfway houses

d. The military

14. The age at which a person is considered an adult for purposes of juvenile court jurisdiction (is) ________.

a. 16

b. 17

c. 18

d. Varies depending upon the state

15. By definition, only juveniles can commit status offenses. Which of the following is considered a status offense?

a. Robbery

b. Truancy

c. Aggravated assault

d. Theft

16. Restorative justice processes are likely to bring to the table which of the following groups?

a. Victim

b. Offender

c. Police

d. All of the above

17. Which of the following is typically true of juvenile diversion programs?

a. The offender does not initially go through the juvenile court process

b. The offender may be referred to the court if he/she does not complete the requirements of the program

c. The offender is protected from having a juvenile court adjudication/record

d. All of the above are true of juvenile diversion programs

18. A juvenile offender's peers serve as court actors and decide upon a sentence as part of a ________.

a. Station adjustment

b. Drug Abuse Resistance Education

c. Teen or Peer court

d. Restorative justice peacemaking conference

19. The modern juvenile court system is increasingly becoming ____________.

a. More control-oriented as evidenced by harsher punishments

b. More lenient by dismissing many cases once pursued

c. Less formal as juvenile rights are regularly ignored

d. More focused on rehabilitation

20. In most states, the court system is managed by ______________.

a. A state court administrator

b. The chief justice of the supreme court

c. Either A or B

d. Neither A nor B

21. The idea for a unified state court system was first proposed by ___________.

a. Roscoe Pound

b. Frederick Taylor

c. Henry Fielding

d. Earl Warren

22. The National Center for State Courts introduced _________ as a series of measures to evaluate court performance.

a. CourTools

b. Judicial Watch

c. Judge Matters

d. Court Counts

23. The time between when a case is initially filed to when it is resolved is referred to as the case _________.

a. Disposition time

b. Clearance rate

c. Guilty plea percentage

d. Fairness quotient

24. A weighted caseload helps the court determine ________________.

a. The likelihood of convicting an innocent defendant

b. The time and cost needed to process certain types of cases

c. Each judge's political ideology

d. The jurors who will serve on a particular case

25. Compared to the traditional court process, mediation and other conflict resolution programs ______________.

a. Are less costly to operate

b. Result in longer case disposition times

c. Produce more unsatisfactory case outcomes

d. Occur only in private (rather than public) settings