Alberta Gauge Company, Ltd$.,$ a small manufacturing company in Calgary, Alberta, manufactures three types of electrical gauges used

in a variety of machinery. For many years the company has been profitable and has operated at capacity. However, in the last two

years, prices on all gauges were reduced and selling expenses increased to meet competition and keep the plant operating at

capacity. Second$-$quarter results for the current year, which follow, typify recent experience.

Alice Carlo, the company's president, is concerned about the results of the pricing, selling, and production prices. After reviewing the

second$-$quarter results, she asked her management staff to consider the following three suggestions:

Discontinue the R$-$gauge line immediately. R$-$gauges would not be returned to the product line unless the problems with the gauge

can be identified and resolved.

Increase quarterly sales promotion by $$160,000$ on the $Q-$gauge product line in order to increase sales volume by $15$ percent.

Cut production on the E$-$gauge line by $50$ percent, and cut the traceable advertising and promotion for this line to $$44,000$ each

quarter.

Jason Sperry, the controller, suggested a more careful study of the financial relationships to determine the possible effects on the

company's operating results of the president's proposed course of action. The president agreed and assigned JoAnn Brower, the

assistant controller, to prepare an analysis. Brower has gathered the following information.

All three gauges are manufactured with common equipment and facilities.

The selling and administrative expense is allocated to the three gauge lines based on average sales volume over the past three

years.

Special selling expenses $($primarily advertising, promotion, and shipping$)$ are incurred for each gauge as follows:

The unit manufacturing costs for the three products are as follows:

The unit sales prices for the three products are as follows:

The company is manufacturing at capacity and is selling all the gauges it produces.

Required:

Use the operating data presented for Alberta Gauge Company and assume that the president's proposed course of action had been

implemented at the beginning of the second quarter.

a$.$ Calculate the net impact on income before taxes for each of the three suggestions.

b$-1.$ Calculate contribution margin for R$-$gauge.

b$-2.$ Was the president correct in proposing that the R$-$gauge line be eliminated?

c$-1.$ Calculate the contribution per direct$-$labor dollar for Q$-$gauge and E$-$gauge.

c$-2.$ Was the president correct in promoting the Q$-$gauge line rather than the E$-$gauge line?