An apartment building hired a new maintenance director. The building's owner failed to conduct a criminal background check on the applicant; therefore, he was unaware of the individual's criminal record, which included a conviction for assault and battery. One week after accepting the position, the new maintenance director used a master key to enter one of the units and assault a resident. The victim of the crime would likely be able to sue the building's owner for

none of these $-$ the owner has no responsibility in this case

promissory estoppel

negligent hiring

negligent referral

defamation