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5. The effect of financial leverage on ROE Companies that use debt in their capital structure are said to be usig fncial leverage. Using leverage can increase shareholder returns, but leverage also increases the risk that shareholders bear. Consider the following case: Red Snail Satellite Company is considering a project that will require $700,000 in assets. The project will be financed with 100% equity. The company faces a tax rate of 35%. Assuming that the project generates an expected EBIT earnings before interest and taxes of $.40,000, then Red Snail's anticipated ROE (return on equity) for the project will be 9.75% 8.45% 13.00% 14.30% In contrast, assume that the project's EBIT is only $45,000. When calculating the tax effects, assume that the entire Red Snail Satellite Company will earn a large, positive income this year. The resulting ROE will be 4.20% Now consider the case of the Magic Moose Manufacturing 3.57% Magic Moose Manufacturing is considering implementing a projed to finance the $700,000.00 in additional assets using 50% equity 12%, and the project is forecasted to generate an EBIT of $140, 3.99% esult, the project is expected to generate a ROE of entical to that being evaluated by Red Snail-although Magic Moose wants debt capital. The interest rate on Magic Moose's new debt is expected to be 5.04% Now consider the case of the Magic Moose Manufacturing Magic Moose Manufacturing is considering implementing a project that is identical to that being evaluated by Red Snail-although Magic Moose wants to finance the $700,000.00 in additional assets using 50% equity and 50% debt capital. The interest rate on Magic Moose's new debt is expected to be 12%, and the project is forecasted to generate an EBIT of $140,000. As a result, the project is expected to generate a ROE of Now assume that Magic Moose finances the same project with 50% debt and 50% equity capital, but expects t to generate an EBIT only $4 00. Further assume that the company as a whole will generate a large, positive income this year, such that any loss generated by the project (with its resulting tax saving) will be offset by the company's other (positive) income. Remember, the interest rate on Magic Moose's debt is 12%. Under these conditions, it is reasonable to expect that Magic Moose will generate a ROE of: O 0.66% O 0.6% 0.78% 0.57% Given the ROE-related findings above for both Red Snail and Magic Moose, answer the following question: a firm's expected ROE The use of financial leverageY the probability of a large loss, and consequently the risk borne by the firm's stockholders . The greater a firm's chance of bankruptcy, the its optimal debt ratio will be manager is more likely to use debt in an effort to boost profits