Assume the following facts: A married couple (hereafter the Couple) owns a business and employs their three minor children in the business. Each child is paid $9,000 in wages for 2021. The Couple files a joint federal income tax return and a Form 1120S for their business.

Questions: Are the children required to file federal income tax returns? Can the Couple claim the children as dependents? Can each child claim a standard deduction? Are FICA taxes owed on the wages paid to the children?

Please cite at least one authoritative source (IRC or final regulation) to support your answer.