BBC issues $4,000,000 perpetual debt that pays 12% annual coupon. The yield of the debt is 12% now. At the end of year 1 , the yield may be 15% (60\% probability) or 8% ( 40% probability). a) What is market value of the debt? b) If the debt is callable at 108% of par at the end of year 1 , what is its market value? c) Assume that the yield changes to 8% at the end of year 1 , BBC replaces the debt with a new debt. The flotation cost is $50,000. The new debt will be parked in the money market to earns 4% interest over the 30 -day overlap period. BBC's tax rate is 30%. What is the NPV of the debt refund