Below information has provided for manufacturing gardening equipment at Gardenerequip Ltd.

Standard variable overhead rate $20 per machine hour

Standard quantity of machine hours 3 hours per unit of output

Budgeted fixed overhead $270 000

Budgeted output 15 000 units

Actual results for August are as follows:

Actual output 8 500 units

Actual variable overhead $520 000

Actual fixed overhead $274 500

Actual machine time 24 200 machine hours

Required:

For the month of August calculate the following variances, indicating whether each variance is favourable or unfavourable:

1. Variable overhead spending variance
2. Variable overhead efficiency variance
3. fixed overhead budget variance
4. fixed overhead volume variance.