By how much does Australian GDP change in each of the following scenarios? Con- sider the direct effect only, please. Provide a brief explanation (2 points each)

a) The ACT state government increases the subsidy to childcare centres by $1.3 million in total.

b) An Australian coffeeshop owner purchases a deluxe espresso machine from Italy worth $150,000.

c) A daytrader, who is an Australian citizen, sells his shares of Cochlear (an Aus- tralian company) for $100,000 on the New York stock exchange, which he pur- chased for $80,000 only two hours earlier. The broker on the stock exchange who intermediates the trade charges $700 (after conversion into Australian dollars) in commissions.

d) A family in country Victoria purchases the neighbouring farm for $600,000 and now directly consumes all the produce from the farm (worth $50,000) which it used to purchase from the neighbour (prior to the purchase of the farm).