Company K creates more value than incurring costs by incorporating a related-diversification strategy. The company is experiencing a diversification premium in its stock price. Company K is able to accomplish all of the following except 

a. exploit economies of scope, which increases Company K's value. 

b. increase Company K's costs but maintain the current stock price. 

c. provide economies of scale, which reduces Company K's costs. 

d. reduce Company K's costs and increase value