Critical National Infrastructure (CNI) are national assets that are essential for the functioning of society, such as those associated with energy supply, water supply, transportation, health, and telecommunications. CNI systems comprise monolithic networks increasing interconnected to other devices and networks for increased productivity and remote monitoring.

i)The MITRE attack framework is used to mitigating and detecting APT techniques. For a scenario where the adversary is trying to gather information they can use to plan future operations, Reconnaissance, name and describe three techniques used by adversaries to scope and plan their compromise.

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