Define the terms management science and operations research. 71 + - List and discuss the steps of the decision-making process. Discuss the different roles played by the qualitative and quantitative approaches to manage- rial decision making. Why is it important for a manager or decision maker to have a good understanding of both of these_approaches to decision making? A firm just completed_a new plant_that will produce more than 500 different products, using more_than_50 different_production _lines_and machines. The production scheduling decisions are critical in that sales will be Jost if customer demands are not met on time, If no individual_in the firm has experience with this production operation and if new produc- tion schedules must be_generated_each week, why_should the firm consider a_quantitative approach to the production scheduling problem? What are the advantages of analyzing and experimenting with a model as opposed to a real object or situation? Suppose that a manager has a choice between the following two mathematical models_of a given situation: (@) a relatively simple model that is a reasonable approximation of the real situation, and_(b) a thorough and complex model that is the most accurate mathematical representation of the real situation possible.Why_might the model described in part (a) be preferred by the manager? Suppose you are going on a weekend trip to a city that is d miles away. Develop a model that determines your round-trip gasoline costs. What assumptions or approximations are neces- sary to treat this model as a deterministic model? Are these assumptions or approximations acceptable to you