Did a bank discriminatorily pay higher salaries to men than to women? A state inspector

recorded the beginning salaries for all 32 male and all 61 female skilled entry-level clerical employees hired by the bank between 2004 and 2008. The average for the females was $6,600 less than that for the males.

(a) Is this study an observational study or a randomized experiment? Explain your answer.

(b) Who are the subjects in this case?

(c) What is the explanatory variable in this case? What is the response variable? Identify each as being qualitative or quantitative.