Discussion Board Forum 2 Prompt

Please also pay close attention to any additional specifications provided by your professor.Professors often will clarify their expectations regarding the format and presentation of your submission.

Topic - Causes of Death in 1980 and 2016

According to the 1980 Census, the United States population was approximately 226,540,000 in 1980.It grew to approximately 323,120,000 at the beginning of 2016. Using Census data for 1980 and estimates derived from mortality data for 2016, we arrive at the population estimates given in the table below:

Year

Total Population

Ages 15-24

Ages 25-44

Ages 45-64

1980

226,540,000

42,475,000

62,707,000

44,497,000

2016

323,120,000

43,500,000

85,150,000

84,300,000

The National Center for Health Statistics published a document entitled "Health, United States, 2015: With Special Feature on Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities" that includes a table listing the leading causes of death in 1980 by age bracket.The CDC further produced a National Vital Statistics Reports that provided similar information for the year 2016.Under the Project Instructions link in Blackboard, you'll find Discussion Board Forum 2: Data, a spreadsheet showing the leading causes of death in both 1980 and 2016 for these 3 age categories.Each of the first 3 questions has both a computational part and a discussion part.To get full credit for each of the discussion parts, please cite a reference to support your claims.This should not be an excessively difficult task: you can easily find information online for most of the illnesses or other causes listed in the report.All you need to do is provide the website you used (though other resources are also permitted if you prefer to use one of those).

1.Assuming that the population numbers in the above table are relatively accurate, use the Discussion Board Forum 2: Data spreadsheet to compute the deaths per 1000 people for each age group in both 1980 and 2016. Deaths per 1000 people is computed using the formula Deaths per 1000 = (# of deaths) / (total population) Do not round your answer to the nearest whole number, provide at least 2 decimal places (but no more than 4). Give these 6 values (e.g. deaths per 1000 people for ages 15-24 in 1980) and then cite a reference to discuss what might account for the changes between the deaths per 1000 in 1 of these 3 age categories between 1980 and 2016.Your discussion should be at least 40 words.

2.Besides the changes in the overall death rate in the past 3 decades, the leading causes of death vary somewhat between 1980 and 2016. Choose 1 of the 3 age ranges and select 1 cause of death from the Discussion Board Forum 2: Data spreadsheet that strikes you as noteworthy and that appears in both the 1980 and 2016 lists. For the cause of death that you selected, compute the number of deaths per 1000 in both 1980 and 2016 for your chosen age group.Do not round your answer to the nearest whole number, provide at least 2 decimal places. Cite a reference to discuss the possible reasons for any changes in the rates over this period.Your discussion should be at least 40 words.

3.Not only do the leading causes of death vary across time, they vary significantly for different age ranges. Looking only at the 2016 data, choose a cause of death that appears in both the 25-44 and 45-64 age categories and compute the number of deaths per 1000 people for both age categories.Do not round your answer to the nearest whole number, provide at least 2 decimal places. Cite a reference to discuss a possible reason for any differences in these values as people advance in age. Your discussion should be at least 40 words.

1980 2016 Population 226,540,000 Population 323,120,000 Deaths Deaths All causes 1,989,841 All causes 2,744,248 Diseases of heart 761,085 Diseases of heart 635,260 Malignant neoplasms 416,509 Malignant neoplasms 598,038 Cerebrovascular diseases 170,225 Unintentional injuries 161,374 Unintentional injuries 105,718 Chronic lower respiratory diseases 154,596 Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 56,050 Cerebrovascular diseases 142,142 Pneumonia and influenza 54,619 Alzheimer's disease 116,103 Diabetes mellitus 34,851 Diabetes mellitus 80,058 Chronic liver disease and cirrhosis 30,583 Influenza and pneumonia 51,537 Atherosclerosis 29,449 Nephritis, nephrotic syndrome and nephrosis 50,046 Suicide 26,869 Suicide 44,965 Ages 15 - 24 Ages 15 - 24 Population 42,475,000 Population 43,500,000 Deaths Deaths All causes 49,027 All causes 32,575 Unintentional injuries 26,206 Unintentional injuries 13,895 Homicide 6,537 Suicide 5,723 Suicide 5,239 Homicide 5,172 Malignant neoplasms 2,683 Malignant neoplasms 1,431 Diseases of heart 1,223 Diseases of heart 949 Congenital anomalies 600 Congenital malformations/abnormalities 388 Cerebrovascular diseases 418 Diabetes mellitus 211 Pneumonia and influenza 348 Chronic lower respiratory disease 206 Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 141 Influenza and pneumonia 189 Anemias 133 Complicated Pregnancy 184 Ages 25 - 44 Ages 25 - 44 Population 62,707,000 Population 85,150,000 Deaths Deaths All causes 108,658 All causes 135,408 Unintentional injuries 26,722 Unintentional injuries 44,959 Malignant neoplasms 17,551 Malignant neoplasms 14,694 Diseases of heart 14,513 Suicide 14,396 Homicide 10,963 Diseases of heart 13,922 Suicide 9,855 Homicide 8,745 Chronic liver disease and cirrhosis 4,782 Chronic liver disease and cirrhosis 3,776 Cerebrovascular diseases 3,154 Diabetes mellitus 2,841 Diabetes mellitus 1,472 Cerebrovascular diseases 2,426 Pneumonia and influenza 1,467 HIV disease 1,517 Congenital anomalies 817 Septicemia 1,316 Ages 45 - 64 Ages 45 - 64 Population 44,497,000 Population 84,300,000 Deaths Deaths All causes 425,338 All causes 539,961 Diseases of heart 148,322 Malignant neoplasms 157,655 Malignant neoplasms 135,675 Diseases of heart 112,637 Cerebrovascular diseases 19,909 Unintentional injuries 45,237 Unintentional injuries 18,140 Chronic liver disease and cirrhosis 21,812 Chronic liver disease and cirrhosis 16,089 Chronic lower respiratory diseases 22,117 Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 11,514 Diabetes mellitus 20,518 Diabetes mellitus 7,977 Cerebrovascular diseases 17,663 Suicide 7,079 Suicide 16,196 Pneumonia and influenza 5,804 Septicemia 8,413 Homicide 4,019 Nephritis, nephrotic syndrome and nephrosis 7,790