Dr. Huan, a management psychologist, believes that the reason important decisions are often disastrous is that managers are under such stress that they can not think through possible solutions and the potential consequences of such decisions. She decides to test the effect of stress on decision making by experimentally manipulating levels of stress. She has two high-stress groups. One is told they will lose their jobs if they make the wrong decision. The second is told that their staff will be cut if they make the wrong decision. Two other groups are given stress-reduction manipulations. One is taught deep muscle relaxation and the other group walks briskly on a treadmill for 20 minutes. A fifth group is the control--they are given background reading for 20 minutes. After the experimental manipulation all are given a decision-making vignette and their performance is rated on a 1-to-10 scale. Huan conducts an independent groups ANOVA and, on the basis of the outcome, rejects the null hypothesis. To finish her results, she gets the following statistical output from SPSS. .05 N 2 Tukey HSD group membership lose jobs lose staff control relaxation walking Sig. 10 10 10 10 10 1 4.9000 5.8000 6.5000 8.3000 8.9000 429 1.000 a) What kind of test is it displaying the output of? b) Describe which groups were significantly different from which groups and which groups were not significantly different from each other. Dr. Huan, a management psychologist, believes that the reason important decisions are often disastrous is that managers are under such stress that they can not think through possible solutions and the potential consequences of such decisions. She decides to test the effect of stress on decision making by experimentally manipulating levels of stress. She has two high-stress groups. One is told they will lose their jobs if they make the wrong decision. The second is told that their staff will be cut if they make the wrong decision. Two other groups are given stress-reduction manipulations. One is taught deep muscle relaxation and the other group walks briskly on a treadmill for 20 minutes. A fifth group is the control--they are given background reading for 20 minutes. After the experimental manipulation all are given a decision-making vignette and their performance is rated on a 1-to-10 scale. Huan conducts an independent groups ANOVA and, on the basis of the outcome, rejects the null hypothesis. To finish her results, she gets the following statistical output from SPSS. .05 N 2 Tukey HSD group membership lose jobs lose staff control relaxation walking Sig. 10 10 10 10 10 1 4.9000 5.8000 6.5000 8.3000 8.9000 429 1.000 a) What kind of test is it displaying the output of? b) Describe which groups were significantly different from which groups and which groups were not significantly different from each other
