EC, an engineering company, produces tools and components to customers' specific requirements. EC uses absorption costing to absorb overheads into the cost of each customer order. Selling prices are usually determined by adding a 30% mark up to the costs incurred in completing the order. EC has recently been asked to provide a quotation for a new customer. The details of the work have been discussed at a meeting with the customer and the following resource requirements have been determined. The cost of these resources has been calculated using the companys routine costing system. Note R Direct material A 1 5 square metres @ R20 100 Direct material B 2 10 square metres @ R15 150 Skilled labour 3 100 hours @ R8 800 Unskilled labour 4 60 hours @ R6 360 Supervision labour 5 20 hours @ R20 400 Machine overhead 6 20 hours @ R12 240 Other overhead 7 160 labour hours @ R4 640 Total cost 2,690 2 Notes: 1. Direct material A is currently held in inventory and is in regular use. The latest price paid for material A was R22 per square metre, but the replacement cost would be R23 per square metre. 2. Direct material B is currently not used by EC and would have to be bought if the work is undertaken. The minimum order from the supplier of material B is for 25 square metres. EC does not expect to be able to use this material on any other work, though it would be able to sell it as scrap for R2 per square metre. 3. The skilled labour that would be required is available within EC, but only if those employees are transferred from other work that they are currently doing. This other work could be done by sub-contractors who could be hired on an hourly basis at a cost of R7 per hour. Alternatively sub-contractors could be hired to work on this new customers order at a cost of R9 per hour. ECs current skilled labour is paid R8 per hour. 4. The unskilled labour is paid an hourly rate of R6 but only for hours that they are actively working. There are only 40 hours of additional unskilled labour available within normal working hours. In order to complete the customer order on time they would have to work 20 hours of overtime. EC pays an overtime premium of 50%. 5. The work would be supervised by the existing supervisor as part of his normal activity. The supervisor is paid an annual salary which is equivalent to R20 per hour for a 40 hour working week. 6. The machines that would need to be used have a running cost of R12 per hour. Two different machines would be required: machine W for 12 hours and machine Z for 8 hours. Both machines are regularly used by EC. Machine W is very specialised and is used for only some of ECs work. There is sufficient spare capacity on this machine. Machine Z is in constant use by EC and, if it is required for this customer order, EC would need to hire an additional machine at a hire cost of R5 per hour (excluding running costs) to fulfill its normal work. 7. ECs non-machine related fixed overhead costs are absorbed into product costs using an absorption rate per labour hour. If this customer order is accepted it must be completed during the next 30 days. 3 EC would like to win this order as it believes that it will probably win repeat orders from the customer. The directors have therefore decided to price this work on the basis of its relevant cost plus 10% REQUIRED: 2.1 Prepare a schedule that shows the relevant cost of the new customer's order. (13) 2.2 Explain, for each of the resource items numbered 1 to 7, the reason for each of the values you have included in your answer to 2.1 above. (7)