Edgar is on trial for child molestation. The prosecution alleges that Edgar sexually abused his five-year-old stepdaughter, Lisa. The prosecution calls Lisa to testify. At the competency hearing, Lisa shows that she knows the difference between the truth and a lie. She says she knows that she should tell the truth, for if she does not tell the truth she will get punished by her parents. The defense argues that Lisa is incompetent to testify for she is too young. As a judge, how do you rule on whether Lisa is competent to testify?

7.4 Sam is on trial for robbery and he denies the charge. He claims that on the day of the crime he was taking care of his grandma. The grandma testifies that on the day of the crime Sam was with her in her house. The prosecution intends to impeach the grandma by showing her inconsistent statement. The prosecution asks Detective Smith to testify that shortly after Sam's arrest he interviewed the grandma. The grandma said she could not remember whether Sam was with her on the day of the crime. The defense argues that the grandma's prior statement was not an inconsistent statement. As a judge, how do you rule on whether the prosecution may offer Detective Smith's testimony to impeach the grandma?

7.5 Ethan is on trial for robbery. It is alleged that Ethan robbed a discount store. At the time of the robbery there were two store assistants there: Angela and Natasha. Angela testifies for the prosecution. She identifies Ethan as the one who robbed the store. The defense intends to impeach Angela by offering Natasha to testify. Natasha is to testify that she believes that the one who robbed the store was Bob. What is the impeachment technique the defense is using here?

7.6 Hank is on trial for robbery. The prosecution alleges that Hank robbed a jewelry store on July 3 in Maplewood, New Jersey. Hank denies the charge and asks David to testify as his alibi witness. David testifies that from July 1 to July 4 he and Hank were in Florida for vacation. The prosecution intends to impeach David by asking Alice to testify that on July 3 she saw David having dinner in a restaurant in Maplewood. What is the impeachment technique the prosecution is using here?