FINANCIAL LEVERAGE EFFECTS

The Neal Company wants to estimate next year's return on equity (ROE) under different financial leverage ratios. Neal's total capital is $18 million, it currently uses only common equity, it has no future plans to use preferred stock in its capital structure, and its federal-plus-state tax rate is 40%. The CFO has estimated next year's EBIT for three possible states of the world: $5.5 million with a 0.2 probability, $2.2 million with a 0.5 probability, and $0.5 million with a 0.3 probability.

1.)Calculate Neal's expected ROE, standard deviation, and coefficient of variation for each of the following debt-to-capital ratios. Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answers to two decimal places at the end of the calculations.

a.) Debt/Capital ratio is 0.

RE = %

= %

CV =

b.) Debt/Capital ratio is 10%, interest rate is 9%.

RE = %

= %

CV =

c.) Debt/Capital ratio is 50%, interest rate is 11%.

RE = %

= %

CV =

d.) Debt/Capital ratio is 60%, interest rate is 14%.

RE = %

= %

CV =