Food deserts are geographic areas where residents' access to affordable, healthy food options (especially fresh fruits and vegetables) is restricted or nonexistent due to the absence of grocery stores within convenient travelling distance According to areport prepared for Congress by the Economic Research Service of the US Department of Agriculture in 2009, about 2 2 of all US households live more than one mile away from a supermarket and do not own a car In urban areas, access to public transportation may help residents overcome difficulties posed by distance, but economic forces have driven grocery stores out of many cities, making them so few and far between that an individual's food shopping trip may require taking several buses or trains People often rely on convenience stores that normally only carry processed foods In suburban and rural areas, public transportation is either very limited or unavailable, with supermarkets often many miles away from people's homes restricting access to any food items Since the report, measurements have become more detailed and layered since access to food is impacted by poverty and geographic location In addition to the 'usual' (counties, zip codes) researcher look at census tracts and consider multiple distances, with low income tracts of particular interest Low income census tracts are where a significant number (at least 500 people) or share (at least 33 percent) of the population is greater than 1 0 mile from the nearest supermarket, supercenter, or large grocery store for an urban area or greater than 20 miles for a rural area Under this measure in2016, an estimated 17 3 million people, or 5 6 percent of the U S population, live in low income and low access tracts and are more than 1 mile or 20 miles from a supermarket In this lab will we explore the level of food insecurity in North Carolina In 2019,Iredell County had a food insecurity rate of 12 1 There are 43 census tracts in Iredell County Using a p 121, construct a 90 confidence interval, using the sample of 43, to estimate the population proportion p Round three decimal places (Section 7 2, hint x p n)90 CI CI ( 0 039 , 0 203 ) In North Carolina, the food insecurity rate was 13 5 in 2019 Did Iredell County differ statistically from the state (Section 7 2) When working with percentages and population it is important to have a small error (the population of NC in 2012 was 9 8 million) Using p 15 and an allowable error of 02, find the sample size needed to construct a 90 confidence interval for the population proportion (Section 7 2) N 863 Census tracts are small sections within a county with long codes North Carolina has over 2000 census tracts As it is unreasonable for us to work with such a large data set, we will continue to explore food insecurity at the county and zip code levels As of 2019, the census bureau has the totalnumber of supermarkets by zip code listed for NC (using all establishments) Below is a random sampling the number of supermarkets in 40 zips codes Find x and Sx Round to the nearest tenth Hint This is a table so you can copy and paste this into excel There is a standard deviation formula STDEVS(cellA1 cell ) 3 5 5 8 3 5 8 5 7 9 14 10 10 7 3 3 9 7 3 5 6 14 6 4 4 3 5 9 19 9 11 5 7 5 4 11 x 7 0 Sx 3 7 Since the data consists of n 30, using your Sx and x , construct a 95 confidence interval to estimate the population mean Round to the nearest tenth (Section 7 3) 5 8 Thanks to Excel, we know the standard deviation of all the zip codes that did have data Using the sample mean and the population standard deviation of 3 5 , construct a 95 confidence interval to estimate Round to the tenth (Section 7 3) 5 9 There were over 1, 3 million people in2018 in NC's 100 counties that were impacted by food insecurity Assuming that NC counties are a representative sample of all US counties, find, with 99 confidence, the estimate of the population standard deviation given that Sx 19,154 You will need to use df 100 as we do not have a df 99, however n 100 (Section 7 4) f

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Food deserts are geographic areas where residents' access to affordable, healthy food options (especially fresh fruits and vegetables) is restricted or nonexistent due to the

Food deserts are geographic areas where residents' access to affordable, healthy food options (especially fresh fruits and vegetables) is restricted or nonexistent due to the absence of grocery stores within convenient travelling distance. According to areport prepared for Congress by the Economic Research Service of the US Department of Agriculture in 2009, about 2.2% of all US households live more than one mile away from a supermarket and do not own a car.

In urban areas, access to public transportation may help residents overcome difficulties posed by distance, but economic forces have driven grocery stores out of many cities, making them so few and far between that an individual's food shopping trip may require taking several buses or trains. People often rely on convenience stores that normally only carry processed foods. In suburban and rural areas, public transportation is either very limited or unavailable, with supermarkets often many miles away from people's homes restricting access to any food items.

Since the report, measurements have become more detailed and layered since access to food is impacted by poverty and geographic location. In addition to the 'usual' (counties, zip codes) researcher look at census tracts and consider multiple distances, with low-income tracts of particular interest.Low-income census tracts are where a significant number (at least 500 people) or share (at least 33 percent) of the population is greater than 1.0 mile from the nearest supermarket, supercenter, or large grocery store for an urban area or greater than 20 miles for a rural area. Under this measure in2016, "an estimated 17.3 million people, or 5.6 percent of the U.S. population, live in low-income and low access tracts and are more than 1 mile or 20 miles from a supermarket."

In this lab will we explore the level of food insecurity in North Carolina.

In 2019,Iredell County had a food insecurity rate of 12.1%. There are 43 census tracts in Iredell County. Using a p? = .121, construct a 90% confidence interval, using the sample of 43, to estimate the population proportion p. Round three decimal places. (Section 7.2, hint: x = p? *n)90% CI: CI=( 0.039 , 0.203 )

In North Carolina, the food insecurity rate was 13.5% in 2019. Did Iredell County differ statistically from the state?(Section 7.2)

When working with percentages and population it is important to have a small error (the population of NC in 2012 was 9.8 million). Using p? = .15 and an allowable error of .02, find the sample size needed to construct a 90% confidence interval for the population proportion. (Section 7.2) N= 863

Census tractsare small sections within a county with long codes. North Carolina has over 2000 census tracts. As it is unreasonable for us to work with such a large data set, we will continue to explore food insecurity at the county and zip code levels.

As of 2019, the census bureau has the totalnumber of supermarkets by zip code listed for NC (using all establishments). Below is a random sampling the number of supermarkets in 40 zips codes. Find x? and Sx. Round to the nearest tenth.

Hint: This is a table so you can copy and paste this into excel. There is a standard deviation formula : =STDEVS(cellA1:cell?).

3	5	5	8
3	5	8	5
7	9	14	10
10	7	3	3
9	7	3	5
6	14	6	4
4	3	5	9
19	9	11	5
7	5	4	11

x? = 7.0 Sx =3.7

Since the data consists of n > 30, using your Sx and x?, construct a 95% confidence interval to estimate the population mean . Round to the nearest tenth. (Section 7.3)

5.8

Thanks to Excel, we know the standard deviation of all the zip codes that did have data. Using the sample mean and the population standard deviation of 3.5, construct a 95% confidence interval to estimate . Round to the tenth. (Section 7.3)

5.9

There were over 1,.3 million people in2018 in NC's 100 counties that were impacted by food insecurity. Assuming that NC counties are a representative sample of all US counties, find, with 99% confidence, the estimate of the population standard deviation given that Sx = 19,154. You will need to use df = 100 as we do not have a df = 99, however n = 100. (Section 7.4)