For the following problems, this information is necessary: The discussion of EFN in the chapter implicitly assumes that the company was operating at full capacity. Often, this is not the case. For example, assume the Rosengarten was operating at 90% capacity. Full-capacity sales would be $1,000 / 0.90 = $1, 1111.11. The balance sheets shows $1,800 in fixed assets. The capital intensity ratio for the company is:

Capital intensity ratio = fixed assets / full-capacity sales = $1,800 / $1,111.11 = 1.62 (rounded).

The means that Rosengarten needs $1.62 in fixed assets for every dollar in sales when it reaches full capacity. At the projected sales level of $1,250, it needs $1,250 * 1.62 = $2,025 in fixed assets, which is $225 lower than our projection of $2,250 in fixed assets. So EFN is only $565 - $225 = $340.

Problem #19 (Full-Capacity Sales): Thorpe Mfg., Inc., is currently operating at only 90 percent of fixed asset capacity. Current sales are $680,000. How much can sales increase before any new fixed assets are needed?