Franklin planned to make and sell 24,000 copies of the book. Required: . - d. Prepare the pro forma income statement that would appear in the master budget and also flexible budget income statements, assuming production volumes of 23,000 and 25,000 units. Determine the sales and variable cost volume variances, assuming volume s actually 25,000 units. Indicate whether the variances are favorable (F) or unfavorable (U). (Select "None" if there is no effect (i.e., :ero variance).)