Give Real World Examples and explain why, for each type of Structure, as shown in the attached photo:

 
 

1) Product structure Definition: It gives worldwide responsibility to business units for marketing of their product lines. It provides improved cost efficiency through centralization of manufacturing facilities, the ability to balance the functional inputs needed by a product and to react quickly to product-specific problems in the marketplace. It fragments international expertise within the firm because a central pool of international experience no longer exists Examples: 2) Area structure Definition: It is organized on the basis of geographical area It follows the marketing concept most closely because individual areas and markets are given concentrated attention It is suited if market conditions with respect to product acceptance and operating conditions vary dramatically Examples: 3) Functional structure Definition: It emphasizes the basic tasks of the firm It works best when both products and customers are relatively few and similar in nature A variation of this approach is the use of process as a basis for structure Examples: 4) Customer structure Definition: Operations are structured based on distinct worldwide customer groups Examples: 5) Mixed or hybrid structure Definition: It combines two or more organizational dimensions simultaneously It may occur in a transitionary period after a merger or an acquisition, or because of a unique market characteristics or product lines In the long term, coordination and control across such structures become tedious Examples: 6) Matrix structure Definition: Adopted by multinational organizations for planning, organizing, and controlling interdependent business, critical resources, strategies and geographic regions The matrices used vary according to their areas of emphasis and the number of dimensions needed It helps cut through enormous organizational complexities in making business managers, functional managers, and strategy managers cooperate The dual reporting channel easily causes conflict Examples: