Here is the entire assignment I am working on. What I am having trouble with is 1.5

1 1.1. Consider using the following Card class. public class Card { private String name; public Card() { name = ""; } public Card(String n) { name = n; } public String getName() { return name; } public boolean isExpired() { return false; } public String format() { return "Card holder: " + name; } } Use this class as a superclass to implement a hierarchy of related classes: Class Data IDCard ID number CallingCard Card number, PIN DriverLicense Expiration year Write declarations for each of the subclasses. For each subclass, supply private instance variables. Leave the bodies of the constructors and the format methods blank for now. Note that DriverLicense extends IDCard, not Card. Also note that this class will not compile until you complete the next sections.

1.2. Implement constructors for each of the three subclasses. Each constructor should call the superclass constructor to set the name. Here is one example: public IDCard(String n, String id) { super(n); idNumber = id; 2 }

1.3. Replace the implementation of the format method for the three subclasses. The methods should produce a formatted description of the card details. The subclass methods should call the superclass format method to get the formatted name of the cardholder.

1.4. Devise another class, Billfold, as below, which contains slots for two cards, card1 and card2, a method void addCard(Card) and a method String formatCards(). public class Billfold { private Card card1; private Card card2; public void addCard(Card c) { if (card1 == null) card1 = c; else if (card2 == null) card2 = c; } public String formatCards() { return "[" + card1.format() + " | " + card2.format() + "]"; } } The addCard method checks whether card1 is null. If so, it sets card1 to the new card. If not, it checks card2. If both cards are set already, the method has no effect. Of course, formatCards invokes the format method on each non-null card and produces a string with the format [card1|card2]

1.5. Write a tester program that adds two objects of different subclasses of Card to a Billfold object. Test the results of the formatCards methods. What is the code for your BillfoldTester class?

1.6. Explain why the output of your BillfoldTester program demonstrates polymorphism.

1.7. The Card superclass defines a method isExpired, which always returns false. This method was overridden in DriverLicense with an identical body, but the method is not appropriate for the driver license. Supply a method body for DriverLicense.isExpired() that checks whether the driver license is already expired (i.e., the expiration year is less than the current year). 3 To work with dates, you can use the methods and constants supplied in abstract class Calendar which are inherited by the concrete class GregorianCalendar. You create a Calendar as follows: GregorianCalendar calendar = new GregorianCalendar(); Then, you can obtain the current year using the constant Calendar.YEAR and method get in GregorianCalendar. The constant indicates that the method should return the current year. By comparing the returned value with the expYear field in DriverLicense, you can determine if the card is expired. The code below will retrieve the current year. calendar.get(Calendar.YEAR)

1.8. Add a method getExpiredCardCount, which counts the number of expired cards in the billfold, to the Billfold class.

1.9. Write a BillfoldTester class that populates a billfold with a phone card and an expired driver license. Then call the getExpiredCardCount method. Run your tester to verify that your method works correctly. What is your tester class?

1.10. Implement toString methods for the Card class and its three subclasses. The methods should print: the name of the class the values of all instance variables (including inherited instance variables) Typical formats are: Card[name=Edsger W. Dijkstra] CallingCard[name=Bjarne Stroustrup][number=4156646425,pin=2234] Write the code for your toString methods.

1.11. Implement equals methods for the Card class and its three subclasses. Cards are the same if the objects belong to the same class, and if the names and other information (such as the expiration year for driver licenses) match. Give the code for your equals methods.

1.12. Change the Card class and give protected access to name. Would that change simplify the toString method of the CallingCard class? How? Is this change advisable?

4 a. Answer the following questions in a separate sheet, use a doc or other text formats:

1) Have the exercises above required you to implement a software design specification for an appropriate development environment. a) True b) False

2) Have the lab exercises above demonstrated that you the need to acquire instruction on the proper documentation of source code? a) True b) False (If not, why and do nt you think that you need to provide documentation for any implementation & design for any software.)

3) Provide an example that you have acquired the knowledge to design and apply relevant software testing procedures, (Note: please provide step by step processes that you take).