How do you use indexes to optimize query performance in MySQL, and what are some common pitfalls to avoid?

What are the advantages of using InnoDB over MyISAM as the storage engine for a MySQL database?

How do you handle database migrations in MySQL, and what are the best practices for making changes to database schema?

How do you tune MySQL server settings, such as buffer pool size and thread concurrency, for optimal performance?

How can you use MySQL to implement a caching layer for frequently accessed data, and what are some popular caching solutions?

How do you optimize MySQL queries for complex joins and subqueries, and what tools are available for query profiling and optimization?

What are the best practices for database backup and recovery in MySQL, and how do you ensure data consistency and integrity?

How do you use MySQL for data warehousing and business intelligence, and what are some popular BI tools that integrate with MySQL?

How can you use MySQL to implement multi-master replication across multiple data centers, and what are the benefits and challenges of this approach?

What are the limitations of MySQL's transaction capabilities, and how do you design applications to work around them?