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Public Health is the science of preventing disease with the intent to improve the health of the global population (Shi, 2019). To combat the rising threats to a healthy society, healthcare policy was formed to improve regulations and actions to promote wellness. International agencies presented principles to understand and implement the wide spectrum of health policymaking. Over the years the goals of global health initiatives have changed in 1990, decreasing the mortality rate from infant to adult was the priority, but in 2020 health equity was the primary focus of society (Shi, 2019). An assessment of the state of global health today revealed that the average life expectancy is 73 years old, and ischemic heart disease is the leading cause of death (World Health Organization, 2022). Analyzing the legislation and outcomes process of global health policy will improve the current state of public health.

Priorities of global health have shifted to solving the challenges of an aging population, chronic and disabling conditions, and addressing the need for long-term services and support (Counte, 2019). Global demographics and cultures contributed to the challenges of the healthcare system, with adults making up a substantial part of the population and lower fertility rates. The adult population will double while the total global population will increase by 34 percent. (Counte, 2019 as cited in He, et.al., 2016). Global chronic health disabilities are hard to predict due to limited data from developing countries, however, studies from westernized societies illustrate the rise of diseases and disabilities such as Alzheimer's and vision impairments (Counte, 2019 as cited in World Health Organization, 2017). An aging society with increased longevity has emphasized the need for long-term services and support. Developing nations center long-term care around a familial structure, while developing countries have adopted acute care models.

Although health policy development and approval vary amongst countries, the aim is to enhance the evolution of healthy people. The health system in Canada and China usesa universal health system model with limited privatization. The Chinese government created an initiative to fund the healthcare cost of 90 percent of the country's population, and the Canada Health Act prepays health services and insurance for citizens (Shi, 2019). While countries like the United States and other underdeveloped countries rely on a private or self-pay healthcare system. In addition to strong healthcare reform legislation, policymaking has become more efficient in these countries. Amending or establishing new healthcare laws require multiple committee reviews and health professional testimony and case studies to either pass or defeat the bill. With stakeholders and the government's role in the delivery of healthcare being limited. As countries continue to make advancements within the healthcare sector the US health policies tend to fail due to the demand for privatized healthcare, physician, pharmaceutical companies, and healthcare policymaking based upon community-based skills and care, which fails society, especially if resources are limited.