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Compare and contrast how our criminal justice system would differ if the goal of punishment was each of the following: retribution, rehabilitation, protection of society, or deterrence from future acts of crime.

Penalties are used for a variety of reasons, the most common of which is to encourage and enforce correct behavior as defined by society or family. Criminals face judicial punishment in the form of fines, corporal punishment, or custodial penalties such as prison; inmates may face further punishments if they violate internal rules. Punishment has three basic goals areretribution, deterrent, andreformation. In the criminal justice system, everyone has a role to play.

Justice for allis the goal of the criminal justice system. To assist maintain order across the country, this entails safeguarding the innocent, convicting offenders, and establishing a fair justice process. In other words, it ensures the safety of our citizens.

Specific deterrence works by scaring an individual defendant with the prospect of punishment. By removing a defendant from society, incapacitation helps to prevent crime. Rehabilitation aims to change a defendant's conduct so that he or she does not commit another crime. Retribution deters crime by instilling a sense of vengeance in victims or society. The implementation of punishment to discourage other potential offenders is justified by general deterrence. The idea behind this argument is that if criminal punishment is used to dissuade people from committing crimes, the general population will feel safer and more secure.

Rehabilitation aims to change a defendant's conduct so that he or she does not commit another crime. Educational and vocational programs, treatment center placement, and counseling are all examples of rehabilitation. Retribution deters future crime by diminishing the urge for personal vengeance against the defendantin the form of aggression, battery, or criminal homicide, for example. When victims or society learns that a defendant has been sufficiently punished for a crime, they gain a sense of assurance that our criminal justice system is functioning properly, which increases trust in criminal justice and our democracy.

Restitution deters future crime by financially punishing the offender. Restitution is similar to a civil litigation damages award in which the court compels the criminal defendant to reimburse the victim for any injury caused. Physical injuries, loss of property or money, and, on rare occasions, mental grief can also be covered by restitution. It could also be a monetary fine to cover several of the costs of criminal conviction.