I was hoping for the format to be corrected to meet the American psychological association reference and citations standard. Thank you

"Octopuses tweak the RNA in their brains to adjust to warmer and cooler waters."

The live broadcast with reference report that I chose for this assignment is on NPR radio June 8, 2023.

This broadcast identifies Octopuses as clever beings who have large brains and the capability to edit their genetic makeup in less than a day to adjust to their environment. The molecule RNA is

used to translate DNA into proteins that make up the body. (Daniel, 2023)The invited speakers referenced materials from their written report. (Birk, Rosenthal, Crook, 2023)

Three features of research methodology used

Experimental Design(Crawford, 2019)

Half of the California two spotted octopus bimaculoides were placed in cooler waters and half in warmer water. After a few weeks the researcher collected RNA from their brains. 20,000 different locations on various proteins were edited in the cooler temperature exposure. (Birk,.2023)

Quantitative measures (Crawford, 2019)

Chart and graphs using numerical data illustrated how Octopuses exposed to cold temperatures exhibit stronger RNA editing activity and that happens within hours or days. These graphs were unable to show a visual representation of whether the genetic change was due to adaption or acclimation or specific mechanisms for temperature dependent editing. The researchers were wanting to determine this but this still remains unclear. (Cell, 2023)

Experimental research study (Crawford, 2019)

To evaluate the temperature dependence of RNA editing, adult wild-caughtOctopusbimaculoideswere transferred to the Marine Biological Laboratory and allowed to equilibrate to the surrounding conditions for 2-3weeks in temperature-controlled aquaria. This species is ideal for the study because they are found in the Pacific Ocean and experience large seasonal changes, have a high quality sequence genome and a comprehensive map of editing sites. The warm shifts occurred faster because the final temperature was close to the ambient tank temperature on the onset. At the end of the acclimation period animals were sacrificed, which calls ethics into question . (cell, 2023)

Less fright more insight vol.

Crawford, R., (2019)

2023, Cell Temperature-dependent RNA editing in octopus extensively recodes the neural proteome

Matthew A. Birk, Noa Liscovitch-Brauer, Matthew J. Dominguez, Sean McNeme, Yang Yue, J. Damon Hoff, Itamar Twersky, Kristen J. Verhey, R. Bryan Sutton, Eli Eisenberg, Joshua J.C. RosenthalVolume 186 Issue 12 Pages 2544-2555.e13 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.05.004

2023, NPR Radio All things considered

Daniel, Ari