Identify the key elements of Brown's (1995) and Robbins (2001) methods of assessing organisational culture described in Unit 8 of the module text by selecting the appropriate author box.

CharacteristicsDimensionArtifactsAnswer

Brown (1995)

Robbins (2001)

Attention to detailAnswer

Brown (1995)

Robbins (2001)

Symbols and symbolic actionAnswer

Brown (1995)

Robbins (2001)

Beliefs, values and attitudesAnswer

Brown (1995)

Robbins (2001)

Basic assumptionsAnswer

Brown (1995)

Robbins (2001)

Innovation and risk takingAnswer

Brown (1995)

Robbins (2001)

People orientationAnswer

Brown (1995)

Robbins (2001)

Language in the form of jokes, metaphors, stories, myths and legendsAnswer

Brown (1995)

Robbins (2001)

Team orientationAnswer

Brown (1995)

Robbins (2001)

Behaviour patterns in the form of rites, rituals,

ceremonies and celebrationsAnswer

Brown (1995)

Robbins (2001)

StabilityAnswer

Brown (1995)

Robbins (2001)

Outcome orientationAnswer

Brown (1995)

Robbins (2001)

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Question text

Identify the advantages and disadvantages of bureaucratic structures that are departmentalised by the alternative forms of function, product/serviced, or by customer/geographic location by selecting the pull-down boxes. Match the key characteristics of the alternative typologies of organisational culture to the authors which developed them.

AuthorTypologySingle person or group dominatesAnswer

Handy (1993)

Deal & Kennedy (1982)

Scholz (1987)

Answer

Power culture

Role culture

Task culture

Person culture

Tough-guy, macho culture

Work-hard/play-hard culture

Bet-your company culture

Process culture

External dimension

internal dimension

Evolution-induced dimension

Decision-making is

centralisedAnswer

Handy (1993)

Deal & Kennedy (1982)

Scholz (1987)

Answer

Power culture

Role culture

Task culture

Person culture

Tough-guy, macho culture

Work-hard/play-hard culture

Bet-your company culture

Process culture

External dimension

internal dimension

Evolution-induced dimension

Works by logic and rationalityAnswer

Handy (1993)

Deal & Kennedy (1982)

Scholz (1987)

Answer

Power culture

Role culture

Task culture

Person culture

Tough-guy, macho culture

Work-hard/play-hard culture

Bet-your company culture

Process culture

External dimension

internal dimension

Evolution-induced dimension

Activity controlled by rules and regulations rather than personal

directive from the topAnswer

Handy (1993)

Deal & Kennedy (1982)

Scholz (1987)

Answer

Power culture

Role culture

Task culture

Person culture

Tough-guy, macho culture

Work-hard/play-hard culture

Bet-your company culture

Process culture

External dimension

internal dimension

Evolution-induced dimension

Activities are coordinated, rather than controlledAnswer

Handy (1993)

Deal & Kennedy (1982)

Scholz (1987)

Answer

Power culture

Role culture

Task culture

Person culture

Tough-guy, macho culture

Work-hard/play-hard culture

Bet-your company culture

Process culture

External dimension

internal dimension

Evolution-induced dimension

Emphasis is on defined roles with members expected to fulfil but not overstep themAnswer

Handy (1993)

Deal & Kennedy (1982)

Scholz (1987)

Answer

Power culture

Role culture

Task culture

Person culture

Tough-guy, macho culture

Work-hard/play-hard culture

Bet-your company culture

Process culture

External dimension

internal dimension

Evolution-induced dimension

Dominant concept is

project work associated with matrix-type structureAnswer

Handy (1993)

Deal & Kennedy (1982)

Scholz (1987)

Answer

Power culture

Role culture

Task culture

Person culture

Tough-guy, macho culture

Work-hard/play-hard culture

Bet-your company culture

Process culture

External dimension

internal dimension

Evolution-induced dimension

Emphasis on getting the job doneAnswer

Handy (1993)

Deal & Kennedy (1982)

Scholz (1987)

Answer

Power culture

Role culture

Task culture

Person culture

Tough-guy, macho culture

Work-hard/play-hard culture

Bet-your company culture

Process culture

External dimension

internal dimension

Evolution-induced dimension

Concerned with marshalling required resources to complete work efficiently and

effectivelyAnswer

Handy (1993)

Deal & Kennedy (1982)

Scholz (1987)

Answer

Power culture

Role culture

Task culture

Person culture

Tough-guy, macho culture

Work-hard/play-hard culture

Bet-your company culture

Process culture

External dimension

internal dimension

Evolution-induced dimension

Exists only to service the needs of participating membersAnswer

Handy (1993)

Deal & Kennedy (1982)

Scholz (1987)

Answer

Power culture

Role culture

Task culture

Person culture

Tough-guy, macho culture

Work-hard/play-hard culture

Bet-your company culture

Process culture

External dimension

internal dimension

Evolution-induced dimension

Does not have an overarching objectiveAnswer

Handy (1993)

Deal & Kennedy (1982)

Scholz (1987)

Answer

Power culture

Role culture

Task culture

Person culture

Tough-guy, macho culture

Work-hard/play-hard culture

Bet-your company culture

Process culture

External dimension

internal dimension

Evolution-induced dimension

Minimal structure and can be likened to a cluster of individualsAnswer

Handy (1993)

Deal & Kennedy (1982)

Scholz (1987)

Answer

Power culture

Role culture

Task culture

Person culture

Tough-guy, macho culture

Work-hard/play-hard culture

Bet-your company culture

Process culture

External dimension

internal dimension

Evolution-induced dimension

Focus on speed rather than enduranceAnswer

Handy (1993)

Deal & Kennedy (1982)

Scholz (1987)

Answer

Power culture

Role culture

Task culture

Person culture

Tough-guy, macho culture

Work-hard/play-hard culture

Bet-your company culture

Process culture

External dimension

internal dimension

Evolution-induced dimension

Financial rewards come early, but failure is

punished severelyAnswer

Handy (1993)

Deal & Kennedy (1982)

Scholz (1987)

Answer

Power culture

Role culture

Task culture

Person culture

Tough-guy, macho culture

Work-hard/play-hard culture

Bet-your company culture

Process culture

External dimension

internal dimension

Evolution-induced dimension

Internal competition and conflict are normalAnswer

Handy (1993)

Deal & Kennedy (1982)

Scholz (1987)

Answer

Power culture

Role culture

Task culture

Person culture

Tough-guy, macho culture

Work-hard/play-hard culture

Bet-your company culture

Process culture

External dimension

internal dimension

Evolution-induced dimension

Low risk but quick feedback on actionsAnswer

Handy (1993)

Deal & Kennedy (1982)

Scholz (1987)

Answer

Power culture

Role culture

Task culture

Person culture

Tough-guy, macho culture

Work-hard/play-hard culture

Bet-your company culture

Process culture

External dimension

internal dimension

Evolution-induced dimension

Contests, conventions and other means of encouragement are used.Answer

Handy (1993)

Deal & Kennedy (1982)

Scholz (1987)

Answer

Power culture

Role culture

Task culture

Person culture

Tough-guy, macho culture

Work-hard/play-hard culture

Bet-your company culture

Process culture

External dimension

internal dimension

Evolution-induced dimension

Emphasises the team not the achievements of single individualsAnswer

Handy (1993)

Deal & Kennedy (1982)

Scholz (1987)

Answer

Power culture

Role culture

Task culture

Person culture

Tough-guy, macho culture

Work-hard/play-hard culture

Bet-your company culture

Process culture

External dimension

internal dimension

Evolution-induced dimension

Typical where risks are high and feedback on actions takes a long timeAnswer

Handy (1993)

Deal & Kennedy (1982)

Scholz (1987)

Answer

Power culture

Role culture

Task culture

Person culture

Tough-guy, macho culture

Work-hard/play-hard culture

Bet-your company culture

Process culture

External dimension

internal dimension

Evolution-induced dimension

Members bet the

company rather than themselvesAnswer

Handy (1993)

Deal & Kennedy (1982)

Scholz (1987)

Answer

Power culture

Role culture

Task culture

Person culture

Tough-guy, macho culture

Work-hard/play-hard culture

Bet-your company culture

Process culture

External dimension

internal dimension

Evolution-induced dimension

Sense of deliberateness manifested in ritualised meetingsAnswer

Handy (1993)

Deal & Kennedy (1982)

Scholz (1987)

Answer

Power culture

Role culture

Task culture

Person culture

Tough-guy, macho culture

Work-hard/play-hard culture

Bet-your company culture

Process culture

External dimension

internal dimension

Evolution-induced dimension

Decisions are carefully weighted and based on careful researchAnswer

Handy (1993)

Deal & Kennedy (1982)

Scholz (1987)

Answer

Power culture

Role culture

Task culture

Person culture

Tough-guy, macho culture

Work-hard/play-hard culture

Bet-your company culture

Process culture

External dimension

internal dimension

Evolution-induced dimension

Employees have no sense of their own effectivenessAnswer

Handy (1993)

Deal & Kennedy (1982)

Scholz (1987)

Answer

Power culture

Role culture

Task culture

Person culture

Tough-guy, macho culture

Work-hard/play-hard culture

Bet-your company culture

Process culture

External dimension

internal dimension

Evolution-induced dimension

Values focus on technical perfection, working out risks and getting the

process rightAnswer

Handy (1993)

Deal & Kennedy (1982)

Scholz (1987)

Answer

Power culture

Role culture

Task culture

Person culture

Tough-guy, macho culture

Work-hard/play-hard culture

Bet-your company culture

Process culture

External dimension

internal dimension

Evolution-induced dimension

Employees tend to

protect their own backAnswer

Handy (1993)

Deal & Kennedy (1982)

Scholz (1987)

Answer

Power culture

Role culture

Task culture

Person culture

Tough-guy, macho culture

Work-hard/play-hard culture

Bet-your company culture

Process culture

External dimension

internal dimension

Evolution-induced dimension

Considerable emphasis on job titles and statusAnswer

Handy (1993)

Deal & Kennedy (1982)

Scholz (1987)

Answer

Power culture

Role culture

Task culture

Person culture

Tough-guy, macho culture

Work-hard/play-hard culture

Bet-your company culture

Process culture

External dimension

internal dimension

Evolution-induced dimension

ProductionAnswer

Handy (1993)

Deal & Kennedy (1982)

Scholz (1987)

Answer

Power culture

Role culture

Task culture

Person culture

Tough-guy, macho culture

Work-hard/play-hard culture

Bet-your company culture

Process culture

External dimension

internal dimension

Evolution-induced dimension

ProfessionalAnswer

Handy (1993)

Deal & Kennedy (1982)

Scholz (1987)

Answer

Power culture

Role culture

Task culture

Person culture

Tough-guy, macho culture

Work-hard/play-hard culture

Bet-your company culture

Process culture

External dimension

internal dimension

Evolution-induced dimension

Stable - time orientation towards the past and an aversion to riskAnswer

Handy (1993)

Deal & Kennedy (1982)

Scholz (1987)

Answer

Power culture

Role culture

Task culture

Person culture

Tough-guy, macho culture

Work-hard/play-hard culture

Bet-your company culture

Process culture

External dimension

internal dimension

Evolution-induced dimension

Reactive - with a time orientation towards the present and an acceptance of 'minimum' riskAnswer

Handy (1993)

Deal & Kennedy (1982)

Scholz (1987)

Answer

Power culture

Role culture

Task culture

Person culture

Tough-guy, macho culture

Work-hard/play-hard culture

Bet-your company culture

Process culture

External dimension

internal dimension

Evolution-induced dimension

Anticipating - also oriented towards the present but more accepting of 'familiar' risksAnswer

Handy (1993)

Deal & Kennedy (1982)

Scholz (1987)

Answer

Power culture

Role culture

Task culture

Person culture

Tough-guy, macho culture

Work-hard/play-hard culture

Bet-your company culture

Process culture

External dimension

internal dimension

Evolution-induced dimension

Exploring - with a time orientation towards the present and the future and an acceptance of

increasing riskAnswer

Handy (1993)

Deal & Kennedy (1982)

Scholz (1987)

Answer

Power culture

Role culture

Task culture

Person culture

Tough-guy, macho culture

Work-hard/play-hard culture

Bet-your company culture

Process culture

External dimension

internal dimension

Evolution-induced dimension

Creative - looking forward to the future and accepting risk as normalAnswer

Handy (1993)

Deal & Kennedy (1982)

Scholz (1987)

Answer