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If you wish to examine microorganisms in a droplet of water when the droplet is suspended (rather than in contact with a surface, as on
If you wish to examine microorganisms in a droplet of water when the droplet is suspended (rather than in contact with a surface, as on a glass slide), one way to do that is to apply some charge to the droplet and place it between the plates of a charged capacitor. The electric field inside the capacitor can provide a force that counteracts the gravitational force on the droplet. Assume that the water droplet is 1.0 mm in diameter and has a net charge of -4 nC. The plates of the capacitor are separated by a distance of 2 cm in order to allow you to view the microorganisms in the droplet with a (horizontal) microscope.'1. Write down an expression for the magnitude of the gravitational force experienced by the water droplet in terms of the density of water p, the diameter of the droplet (1.0 mm), and the acceleration due to gravity g. 2. Which plate (upper or lower) should be positively charged? 3. Write down an expression for the magnitude of the electric force experienced by the -4 nC charge if the electric field between the two plates has a magnitude E. 4. Write down an expression for E in terms of the potential difference Al between the plates and the distance separating the plates (2 cm). 5. What potential difference across the capacitor is needed to keep the droplet suspended? Hint: How must the strength of the electric force acting on the droplet compare to the strength of the gravitational force acting on the droplet? 6. If the plates of the capacitor are square and 5 cm on each side, how much charge will each plate hold when the droplet is suspended? 7. If the capacitor is disconnected from the voltage source after being charged and the entire space between the plates is then filled with water (dielectric constant k = 80), what will be the potential difference across the capacitor
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