In Tasmania Manufacturing's costing system, both variable and fixed manufacturing overhead are allocated to products based on standard direct manufacturing labour-hours (DLH). The company had the following standards for its manufacturing costs for 2020: Input Cost per output unit Direct materials 3.5 kg at $5 per kilogram $17.50 Direct manufacturing labour 5.5 hours at $15 per hour $82.5.00 Manufacturing overhead Variable $6 per DLH $33.00 Fixed $8 per DLH $44.00 Standard manufacturing cost per $177.00 output unit Budgeted annual production for 2020 was 96,000 units. The denominator level for total manufacturing overhead per month in 2020 is 44,000 direct manufacturing labour-hours, and the flexible budget for July 2020 was based on this denominator level. The records for July indicated that the actual production was 7,500 units and shows the following: Direct material purchased 25,000 kg at $5.20 per kg Direct material used 23,500 kg Direct manufacturing labour 40,200 hours at $14.60 per hour Variable manufacturing overhead incurred $250,000 Fixed manufacturing overhead incurred $320,000 c. For the month of July 2020, calculate the following variances, indicating whether each is favourable (F) or unfavourable (U). i. Direct material price and efficiency variances [1 mark] ii. Direct manufacturing labour rate and efficiency variances [1 mark] iii. Variable manufacturing overhead spending and efficiency variances [1 mark] iv. Fixed manufacturing overhead spending and volume variances [1 mark]