In this section you will create plan to answer the research question, "Does serving in student government during high school lead to higher earnings at age 30 for people in the US?"

1. What is thepopulationin the research question?

1. Whatvariable(s)must be collected to answer the research question?

1. (4 points) Frame the research question asnull and alternative hypotheseswith an appropriateparameter.Write both hypotheses using appropriate symbols. (In OneNote, you can "insert" a "symbol" to obtain or )

1. Briefly explain why it isnotfeasible to collect data via asimple random samplein order to answer the research question.

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1. Is it feasible to perform arandomized controlled experiment (RCT)to answer this research question?Briefly explain your reasoning.

1. Which of these three possible explanations is most directly addressed by the computation of ap-valuefor the null and alternative hypotheses of question 3?

Choose 1:causal effectchanceconfounding variable

1. Identify a possibleconfounding variablein this study and briefly explain how it relates to both obtaining a student government participation and earnings at age 30.

1. What is aType I errorin the context of this research question?

1. Once the data is collected on your response and treatment variables, you will be ready to do the data analysis.

Sketch or insert a table of how you plan to summarize the dataset you collect (means or medians, standard deviation or MAD...). Include pretend numbers and be sure to label the columns and rows.

1. Once the data is collected on your response and treatment variables, you will be ready to do the data analysis.

Which inferential method do you plan to use?

1. The last step in the plan is to decide how you form a conclusion based on the data analysis.The p-value from a test will tell you the probability of seeing a difference as extreme as the difference in your dataset assuming the null hypothesis is true.Choose one option belowand briefly outline your conclusions under the following scenarios:

I choose option ___

Option 1: Ignore the potential for confounding bias and choose between "by chance" and "causal effect" via a p-valueas following:

1. If the p-value is less than ______, I will conclude that _____________
2. If the p-value is above _________, I will conclude that ____________

Option 2: Decide the potential for confounding bias is so extreme that it is not worthwhile to do test using only the response and treatment variables. In this case, briefly explain how the method of subclassification could be used to adjust this plan to account for the confounding variable you are worried about: