Indicate how each of the following scenarios states below would shift the

(a) marginal-cost curve.

(b) average-variable cost curve.

(c) average-fixed-cost curve.

(d) average-total-cost curve.

In each case, specify the direction of the shift (up or down)

a.A reduction in business property taxes

b.An increase in the nominal wages of production workers

c.A decrease in the price of electricity

d.An increase in insurance rates of plant and equipment

e.An increase in transportation costs