IV. Introduction Light is an electromagnetic wave that travels at a speed of 300,000,000 meters per second. It grows. It is also known as a light wave, a light ray, or a light beam. When light moves from one medium to another, its speed varies. Iflight remains in the same medium, itwill continue to move in a straight path. The bending of light as it passes through one transparent medium into another is known as refraction. The amount of bending is determined by two factors. First is the change in speed Ifa substance causes light to accelerate or decelerate more, it will bend more. The second is the incident ray's angle. Ifthe light enters the substance at a larger angle, the degree of refraction will be more evident. If. on the other hand, the light enters the new substance from the side (at 90 to the surface}, it will slow down but not change direction. Light reflects when it bounces off an item. The light will reflect at the same angle as it hit the surface ifthe surface is smooth and shining. such as glass, water, or polished metal. Materials and Methods Materials: Jar of water TV remote Polarized sunglasses Laser Protractor Methods: Examine the path of a light beam with the laser. After sundown, with all major lights turned out, shine it against a wall. Examine how light passes through a door using a flashlight. Point the light to a mirror and watch where the reflection lands. Observe how the reflected beam shifts as the incident angle ofthe light beam changes. Measure the incident and reflected angles with your protractor. From various incident angles, aim the laser at a jar of water. Examine the refracted beam's course. For a variety of incident angles. calculate the incident angle and refracted angle. Using your TV remote control, notice how infrared light travels. Take your polarized sunglasses outside on a clear day and look at the sky from various angles. Rotate the sunglasses in either direction. Examine the light reflection off a smooth floor or table as well. Reflected light is partially polarized at an angle of around 53 degrees, and with the proper direction, the intensity of the reflection can be considerably reduced. Data and Results Light moves in the shape of a wave through air. It is refracted through air due to the varying refractive indices ofthe atmosphere's layers. As a result, the wavelength oflight changes, and hence the speed. The frequency, however, remains constant. When light moves from a lighter to a denser material, its wavelength lengthens. The reflected angle from a mirror is equal to the incident angle for all incidence angle measurements. When the incidence angle is small, the angle of refraction of laser light from air into water is small. As the incidence angle increases, so does the angle of refraction. When looking at the sky with polarized lenses, the light is darker at a position that is roughly perpendicular to the sunlight. Conclusions The aim ofthis experiment was to observe and describe the following lighttravel phenomena: reflection. refraction, and pole rization. T