Jeffrey Vaughn, president of Frame-It Company, was just concluding a budget meeting with his senior staff. It was November of 20x0, and the group was discussing preparation of the firm's master budget for 20x1. "I've decided to go ahead and purchase the industrial robot we've been talking about. We'll make the acquisition on January 2 of next year, and I expect it will take most of the year to train the personnel and reorganize the production process to take full advantage of the new equipment." In response to a question about financing the acquisition, Vaughn replied as follows: "The robot will cost $1,000,000. We'll finance it with a one-year $1,000,000 loan from Shark Bank and Trust Company. I've negotiated a repayment schedule of four equal installments on the last day of each quarter. The interest rate will be 10 percent, and interest payments will be quarterly as well." With that the meeting broke up, and the budget process was on. Frame-It Company is a manufacturer of metal picture frames. The firm's two product lines are designated as S (small frames; 5 x 7 inches) and L (large frames: 8 x 10 inches). The primary raw materials are flexible metal strips and 9- Inch by 24-inch glass sheets. Each S frame requires a 2-foot metal strip; an L frame requires a 3-foot strip. Allowing for normal breakage and scrap glass, Frame-It can get either four S frames or two L frames out of a glass sheet. Other raw materials, such as cardboard backing, are insignificant in cost and are treated as indirect materials. Emily Jackson, Frame-It's controller, is in charge of preparing the master budget for 20x1. She has gathered the following Information: 1. Sales in the fourth quarter of 20x0 are expected to be 50.000 S frames and 40.000 L frames. The sales manager 1. Sales in the fourth quarter of 20x0 are expected to be 50,000 S frames and 40,000 L frames. The sales manager predicts that over the next two years, sales in each product line will grow by 5,000 units each quarter over the previous quarter. For example, S frame sales in the first quarter of 20x1 are expected to be 55,000 units. 2. Frame-It's sales history indicates that 60 percent of all sales are on credit, with the remainder of the sales in cash. The company's collection experience shows that 80 percent of the credit sales are collected during the quarter in which the sale is made, while the remaining 20 percent is collected in the following quarter. (For simplicity, assume the company is able to collect 100 percent of its accounts receivable.) 3. The S frame sells for $10, and the L frame sells for $15. These prices are expected to hold constant throughout 20x1 4. Frame-It's production manager attempts to end each quarter with enough finished-goods inventory in each product line to cover 20 percent of the following quarter's sales. Moreover, an attempt is made to end each quarter with 20 percent of the glass sheets needed for the following quarter's production. Since metal strips are purchased locally, Frame-it buys them on a just-in-time basis; inventory is negligible. 5. All of Frame-It's direct-material purchases are made on account, and 80 percent of each quarter's purchases are paid in cash during the same quarter as the purchase. The other 20 percent is paid in the next quarter. 6. Indirect materials are purchased as needed and paid for in cash. Work-in-process inventory is negligible. 7. Projected production costs in 20x1 are as follows: Frama Frama Direct material: Metal strips: S: 2 ft. @ $1 per foot L: 3 ft. @ $1 per foot Glass sheets: S: % sheet @ $8 per sheet L: % sheet @ $8 per sheet Direct labor: S Frame L Frame $2 $ 3 0.1 hour @ $20 Production overhead: 8.1 direct-labor hour x $10 per hour 1 1 Total production cost per unit $7 $10 8. The predetermined overhead rate is $10 per direct-labor hour. The following production overhead costs are budgeted for 20x1. Indirect material Indirect labor. Other overhead 1st Quarter 2nd Quarter 3rd Quarter $ 12,200 $ 10,200 40,800 31,000 $ 11,200 44,800 36,000 48,800 41,000 4th Quarter $ 13,200 52,800 46,000 Entire Year $ 46,800 187,200 154,000 1st Quarter 2nd Quarter 3rd Quarter Indirect material Indirect labor Other overhead Depreciation $ 10,200 40,800 31,000 20,000 $ 11,200 44,800 $ 12,200 48,800 4th Quarter $ 13,200 Entire Year $ 46,800 52,800 36,000 41,000 46,000 187,200 154,000 20,000 20,000 20,000 80,000 Total overhead $102,000 $112,000 $122,000 $132,000 $468,000 All of these costs will be paid in cash during the quarter incurred except for the depreciation charges. 9. Frame-It's quarterly selling and administrative expenses are $100,000, paid in cash. 10. Jackson anticipates that dividends of $50,000 will be declared and paid in cash each quarter. 11. Frame-It's projected balance sheet as of December 31, 20x0, follows: All of these costs will be paid in cash during the quarter incurred except for the depreciation charges. 9. Frame-It's quarterly selling and administrative expenses are $100,000, paid in cash. 10. Jackson anticipates that dividends of $50,000 will be declared and paid in cash each quarter. 11. Frame-It's projected balance sheet as of December 31, 20x0, follows: Cash Accounts receivable Inventory: Raw material Finished goods Plant and equipment (net of accumulated depreciation) Total assets Accounts payable Common stock Retained earnings Total liabilities and stockholders' equity $ 95,000 132,000 59,200 167,000 8,000,000 $8,453,200 $ 99,400 5,000,000 3,353,800 $8,453,200 20x1 1st Quarter 2nd Quarter 3rd Quarter 4th Quarter Entire Year Cash receipts (from schedule 2) Less: Cash disbursements (from schedule 5) Change in cash balance due to operations Payment of dividends $ 0 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 0 Proceeds from bank loan (1/2/x1) 0 Purchase of equipment 0 Quarterly installment on loan principal 0 Quarterly interest payment 0 Change in cash balance during the period $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 Cash balance, beginning of period Cash balance, end of period $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0