Lab 2 procedure PartA Theoretical Acceleration Figure 3. Measure h1,h2 and d as shown in Figure 31A convenient spot is to measure between the feet on the air track (make sure to measure on the air track itself. not on the table). The feet should be 100cm apart on the air track, and hl and .712 can be measured from the table to the pointed sides at the air track. in - _______________ cm ha , _______________ cm 11 : :m Calculate theoretical acceleration using: a : * sin(6'), sinUJ) : Mall: a = _cm1'5"2 Part B x 1 *2 10 cm 1. Set Up Your Equipment: Set up the air track according to Figure 1. Raise one end of the track by placing a jack underneath the single foot. The jack should be raised approximately 10 cm. 2. Position the Photo Gates: Position photo gate 2 40.0 cm from the lower end of the track and leave it in place for the entire experiment. 3. Adjust for glider flap: The photogate measures the top flap, not the base. The top flap is offset from the front of the base of the glider and needs to be accounted for when recording position. Determine 2 by following these steps: A. Place the glider on the air track in front of photo gate 2 without turning the air on. B. Gently push the glider until the red light of photo gate 2 just turns on. C. Record the position of the front of the glider against the measurement stick on the air track. This is 202. 4. Locate photo gate 1 around 20.0 cm from the higher end of the track. Record its position as a1 using the procedure from step 3. 5. Calculate the Distance Between the Gates: Calculate the distance D between the photo gates as |21 - 202 . 6. Perform the Experiment: Place the glider at the highest end of the track. This will be your starting position for every run. 7. On the photo gate, select: PULSE MODE. 8. Switch on the blower. 9. Release the glider. As it accelerates down the track, avoid letting it crash into the end of the air track. 10. Once the glider has completely passed the second photo gate, reset the glider to its starting position and repeat the run. 11. Iterate the Experiment: After each run, move photo gate 1 20.0 cm closer to photo gate 2. Update 1 in the same manner as in step 3. 12. Repeat steps 4 through 10 until the distance between the photo gates matches approximately the length of the glider. 13. Compute the Average Velocity: Compute average velocity (aug) during each trial using the formula Vaug = D / t, where D is the distance traveled by the glider and t is the average time taken.Trial Number Initial Position 71 (cm) Distance Traveled D (cm) Time t (s) Average Velocity Vaug (cm/S) Run 1 Run 2 Run 3 Run 4 Run 5 Run 6 Run 7Figure 2. Air Track Setup Part C 1. Prepare the Experiment: For this experiment. you'll only need photo gate 1. Place it approximately 40.0 cm from the lower end of the track and leave it stationary for the whole experiment. Record its position as 1'1. 2. Measure the Glider: Measure and record the length of the glider's top flap as L. Follow these steps: - Position the glideraround 1 cm in front of the photo gate. - Push the glider slowly along the track towards the photo gate until the red light just turns on. Record the initial position of the glider's front. - Continue pushing the glider through the photo gate until the red light just turns off. Record the nal position of the glider's front. - Calculate the glider's length L as the difference between the nal and initial positions. 3. Determine the Position of the Glider: Position the middle of the glider approximately 20.0 cm from the photo gate. 'fou can use the spoke in the middle of the giider as a reference point. 4. Compute and record the distance '32' .731 l as D. 5. Perform the Experiment: Turn on the blower. o. On the photo gate, select: ONE GATE MODE. 7. Release the glider from 371 Once It clears the photo gate. reset it to position 1']. E. Iterate the Experiment: Move the glider 20.0 cm higher up the Incline to determine a new in. Record the new 1']. 9. Repeat steps 3 through 8 until the glider reaches the top of the track. - x2= cm - L= Length of the glider= ______________________________ cm |202 - 21 | D (cm) Final Velocity Vf = L/t (cm/s) Final Velocity Squared Position of Glider 1 (cm) Position of Gate 1 12 (cm) Time t (s) (cm^2/5^2)Lab 2 Post Lab Questions PartA 1. As you tilt the air track higher. the acceleration ofthe glider increases; thus. acceleration is dependent on the angle of incline. Should it depend on mass as well? 2. Consider the following factors. Discuss theirimpact [if any} on the accuracy and precision of the experiment: a] Variability in the starting position of the glider b) Friction of the airtrack c) Accuracy issues in the measurement of distance between the photo gates 3. Plot Bung vs. D on graph paper. What is the shape of the graph? 4. From the graph. extrapolate the curve to the Y intercept. where D=O. This is the instantaneous velocity at photogate 2. of. The average velocity is . in which iii is the initial velocity and i5}: is the nal velocity. - As the distance between the photo gates decreases. the difference between the initial and nal velocities decreases (the initial is 'catching up' to the nal}. lf photo gate 1 and photo gate 2 could be placed at exactly the same position. the inib'al and nal velocities would be identical. Thus. '3an : iii : 17f if the distance of separation D is zero. - Use this estimated pf with the kinematic equation vf+vi cl: 2 and calculated the estimated initial velocities v.\"- of the glider as it passed through photogate l for runs 1 through 7. *i - Use these calculated velocities with the kinematic equation 11f : \"i + a. at t and calculate the acceleration. Average out the accelerations and compare to the theoreb'cal acceleration from part A. The percent difference equation between any 2 values Aand B is 118 A+B 2 a: 100 - Average acceleration: 7", % Difference: 5. With regard to significant figures and your tools of measurement, why is it necessary to record the position values of the photo gates to the tenth's place of a cm? Why is recording a value 40.0 cm more precise than simply recording it as 40 cm? Part B 7. Plot 12 versus D on graph paper. 8. Find the slope of the graph. What are the units of the slope? What does the slope represent? Hint: Use Equation 10. Think about comparing the numerical value of the slope from your graph to its equation form, y = mx. Since the glider starts from rest, the initial velocity v_i is equal to zero. Thus * = (2a)D D = Slope = 9. Determine the acceleration of the glider. Hint: Use the slope calculated in Question 8 and solve for a. . Acceleration: 10. Compare the experimental value of acceleration (Question 9) to the theoretical value and calculate the percent difference. % Difference: 11. Why is it important to measure the length of the glider that the photo gate sees rather than the actual length of the glider? If the photo gate was bent at a different angle, would it change the length of the glider that the photo gate sees? 12. Is the acceleration of the glider constant