Lab 7 Capacitors: Design and Basic Circuits Construct the following electrical circuit (Capacitor), using PhET simulation, or using the following link: https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/legacy/capacitor-lab Today we will be exploring the energy stored in a capacitor, behavior of capacitors with and without dielectrics, and the capacitor connection (series and parallel). You will complete the virtual lab using the Capacitor Lab from Phet, data analysis software (Excel) and this document. Each member of the lab group must complete this important assignment. Introduction 10 ] m 10-13 @_ &= A Q Disconnect Battery 0 o Stored Er;rgy Plate Charge (top) 0.080107 J 0ssxi0' Separation 5.0 mm Plate Area 400.0 mnf i Zoom: E'l = Show Values First part Energy stored in the capacitor versus Voltage Open the (https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/capacitor-lab) Set the plates to the minimum area (400.0 mm?), maximum separation (5.0 mm) and maximum Using the provided meters ( charge, energy, Electric field E, and voltmeter) in the simulation complete the following data table 4- Calculate the capacitance using IEI , this the real value. 5- Increase the voltage from the battery and record the values of the voltage across the capacitor(V), Charge on the plate(Q), and energy stored (U) Separation d (m)= Plate Area A (m?)= Capacitance (F) = Trial Potential Charge Q Stored Electric Field V2 (volt)? Q?(C?) E%(V/m)? Stored Energy difference V (C) Energy U (J) | between plates E Density (V) (V/m) u(J/m3) 10 6- Use Excel to plot the relationship between (V2, U), using V?in the most left column in Excel. 7- Use the equation EI , to determine Cp using the slope of the graph. 8- Compare this value of Cp with Coin the table. Calculate the percentage error. 9- Attach the graph to your data report. 10- Use Excel to plot the relationship between (Q?, U), using Q2 in the most left column in Excel. 11- Use the equation E] , to determine Co using the slope of the graph. 12- Compare this value of Co with Coin the table. Calculate the percentage error. 13- Attach the graph to your data report. 14- Use Excel to plot the relationship between (E?, u), using E2in the most left column in Excel. [=] i 15- Use the equation ,to determine - using the slope of the graph. 16- Compare this value of [ with =8.85x10'2F/m. Calculate the percentage error. Second part Dielectrics and Capacitance 1- Openthe (https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/capacitor-lab) 2- Click on the \"Dielectrics\" tab. 3- Setthe plates to the area A between (195- 205 mm?), separation d between (7.5- 8.5 mm), maximum positive battery voltage (1.5 V) and minimum dielectric constant (1) with zero offset to begin. See fig. below. [lintroduiction' | Dielectric \\IMuiliple Capacitors: M View;J o [ Plate Charges '[:. @ 3 Electric Field Lines Meters Capacitance Plate Charge Stored Energy o Voltmeter Capacitance Electric Field Detector Separation 221010 F Dielectric gl mm Material] custom ~ Dielectric Constant: 1.00 Plate Area v 2011 mn? ............ i s & - = Dielectric Charges ''''''''''' Offset O Hide all charges ...... 17.9 mm _________________ * * E * Show all charges """ () Show excess charges Reset All 4- Determine the value of E and compare it to the value from the par chart. 5- Insert the dielectric material in the capacitor, and determine the value of the capacitance C (in F) 6- Change the value of the dielectric constant K then complete the following data table (keep the plate separation and area constant through all trials) Ca= F Dielectric Constant Capacitance (F) K C 1 1.5 7- Draw the best fit using Excel between (K, C), and find the slope of the line. 8- Attach the graph to your lab report. 9- Use the equation [==1 determine Co and compare it to the value. 10- Calculate the percentage error in Co. Third part Dielectrics and Capacitance (Battery Connected) 1- Openthe (https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/capacitor-lab) 2- Click on the \"Dielectrics\" tab. 3- Set the plates to the area A between (195- 205 mm?), separation d between (7.5- 8.5 mm), maximum positive battery voltage (1.5 V) and minimum dielectric constant (1) with zero offset to begin. 4- Using the provided meters (charge, energy, Electric field E, and voltmeter) in the simulation complete the following data table Introduction Dielectric Multiple Capacitors PHE . View Electric Field Plate Charges Show Vectors 10 -13 X 10.13 x 10 -13 L 1X Plate Electric Field Lines Dielectric Meters- Sum Capacitance Zoom: Dielectric Plate Charge Disconn 0 Vim Stored Energy Show Values Voltmeter Plate Charge (top) Capacitance Stored Energy Electric Field Detector Separation 3.32x10 2.21x10-F 2.49x10-J Dielectric 8.1 mm X Material: custom 15V Dielectric Constant: 1.00 Plate Area 1.5 V 201.1 mm . OV Dielectric Charges: O Hide all charges O Show all charges -15V O Show excess charges Reset All 5- In the table below record the values of Capacitance Co, Electric field Eo, stored energy Uo, and charge on p late Qo and potential difference Vo. 6- Slide the dielectric inside the capacitor and record the values shown in the table below. Co = F, EO= V/m Qo = C , Uo = J , VO = V Trial Dielectric Capacitance Stored Plate Electric Field Electric Field Sum Electric V ( Volt) Constant C (F) Energy Charge Q between the in Dielectric Field (C) Ei (V/m)K U (J) plates Eo between (V/m) E (V/m) 1 1 2 1:5 3 2 4 25 5 3 6 3.5 7 4 8 4.5 7- Analyze the data above and answer the following questions. You may want to create graphs to better explain relationships between variables. Attach any graphs or figures you create with the data to explain your responses. 8- How does the dielectric constant affect capacitance? 9- As the dielectric constant increases, how does the total stored energy change? 10- Does the dielectric constant affect the amount of charge stored on the plate? If so, what is the relationship? 6- 7= 8- Fourth part Series Connection Open the (https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/capacitor-lab) Click on the \"Multiple Capacitors\" tab. Click on three capacitor in series button. Move the voltage slide to maximum and measure the voltage across the battery with the voltmeter Vmax=.....cceceveevecerernennn V,click on three capacitors in series Change the settings on the 3 capacitors to : C1= 1pF, C;= 2pF, C3= 2.5pF, as shown below File Help Multiple Capacitors 1013 9 10" = 9 ' + *0- Q (? 7 e / acitance 0 o ik 10-13 H Stored Charge Total Capacitance 0702 0.05x10"2 F View Plate Charges Electric Field Lines = eters Total Capacitance